What does the term "passivation" refer to in the context of corrosion?

The term "passivation" in the context of corrosion refers specifically to the formation of a protective oxide layer on a metal surface. This layer significantly enhances the metal's resistance to further corrosion. When metals are exposed to oxygen and moisture, they can undergo oxidation, leading to the deterioration of the base metal. However, certain metals, such as stainless steel and aluminum, naturally form this oxide layer, which acts as a barrier to prevent further corrosion by inhibiting the interaction between the metal and environmental factors, like moisture and salts.

The protective oxide layer is generally thin but effective, and its development is essential for maintaining the integrity and longevity of the metal in corrosive environments. This understanding highlights the importance of passivation as a critical process in preventing metal degradation in marine applications and other environments where corrosion is a concern.